Gravestone Maintenance: A Complete Guide

A well-maintained headstone honors the memory of a loved one and preserves an important piece of family history. This guide covers the safe and effective methods recommended by conservators and the U.S. National Park Service.

Before You Start: Assessment

Before cleaning any gravestone, check its structural integrity. Lightly tap the stone -- if you hear a hollow sound, it could be delaminating and should not be cleaned. If the stone is severely deteriorated, consult a professional conservator.

Safe Cleaning Methods

Water is your most important tool. You will need several gallons -- a 1-2 gallon garden pump sprayer works well. Never use a pressure washer.

1. Saturate the stone thoroughly with clean water
2. Apply a non-ionic cleaner (like D/2 Biological Solution) or mild dish soap and water
3. Scrub gently with a soft-bristle brush using circular motions
4. Rinse thoroughly with clean water
5. Allow to air dry completely

The Gold Standard: D/2 Biological Solution

D/2 is approved by the U.S. National Park Service and the National Cemetery Administration. It is non-toxic, biodegradable, and safe on all stone types. It breaks down biological growth without aggressive scrubbing.

What to Avoid

• Bleach or bleach-based products -- Corrosive and can stain stone
• Vinegar or lemon juice -- Acidic solutions dissolve limestone and marble
• Wire or metal brushes -- Will scratch and damage the surface
• Pressure washers -- Can erode stone and push water into cracks

Seasonal Considerations

Never clean a stone when there is any risk of freezing temperatures. Water expands when frozen and can split the stone. Spring and early fall are ideal cleaning seasons.